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Part 2 - AI regulation in the EU
The EU AI Act, the main elements of which are covered in our previous article, was provisionally agreed in December 2023. Shortly after it was agreed, the Commission released some Q&As to flesh out the key provisions and timelines for application. It is anticipated that the latest text of the Artificial Intelligence Act will be formally adopted by both Parliament and Council in April, triggering a graduated two year period for compliance (with obligations for high-risk systems defined in Annex II applicable in 3 years).
Read morePart 1 - UK AI regulation
There has been consistent messaging from the UK Conservative-led government that the UK has decided to adopt a light touch approach to regulating AI. This was evident in the AI white paper published in March 2023 which outlined a principles based framework (see ['The Ethics of AI – the Digital Dilemma'] for more information about the principles themselves and see here for additional coverage of the AI white paper). The UK government held a consultation on the AI white paper in 2023 and published a response on 6 February 2024 that adds slightly more flesh to the bones of the UK framework.
Read moreWhat is AI and why is it topical?
Whilst there is no universal definition of what constitutes artificial intelligence, at its core, AI refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think and learn like humans. This encompasses the ability to reason, learn from experience, understand complex concepts, interact with their environment and look to solve problems.
Read moreRegulation of AI - raising the trillion dollar bAIby - introduction
As with any new technology, existing data protection and privacy, intellectual property, competition, product liability, data security and consumer laws apply to its application in each jurisdiction. This has thrown up a number of important and newsworthy issues and considerations for AI developers and providers, legislators, consumers and rights holders. There are also several sets of high profile legal proceedings both decided and ongoing in several jurisdictions. These issues and legal proceedings are discussed in other sections of this AI Guide.
Read moreNavigating the impact of AI on work: challenges, opportunities, and the human touch
The fear of job losses because of technology and automation, including artificial intelligence, has been with us since the 1960s. For some time, academics have predicted the decline of routine, rules-based and process-driven roles.
Read moreEU AI ACT-ion stations
The EU is forging ahead with its vision for AI. With wrapping up talks on the EU AI Act between the EU governments, the Commission and the parliamentary negotiators imminent, we bring you up to date on the EU's risk based approach, the scope of the Act, a timeline, key points that will form the basis of the discussions and next steps.
Read moreWhat To Know About AI Fraudsters Before Facing Disputes
Fraudsters are quick to weaponise new technological developments and artificial intelligence is proving no exception, with AI-assisted scams increasingly being reported in the news, including most recently one using a likeness of a BBC broadcaster.
Read moreRPC reacts to UK Government White Paper on AI
RPC reacts to UK Government White Paper on AI
Read morePhilip Warren & Son v Lidl – No case of mi-steak-en identity
The High Court has dismissed a passing off claim brought by Philip Warren & Son Limited (PWS) against well-known supermarket, Lidl. The decision ultimately turned on the fact that PWS presented "insufficient evidence of a significant level of operative misrepresentation to any category of PWS' customers".
Read moreThe EU’s new General Product Safety Regulation is set to land in December 2024
What do manufacturers and online marketplaces need to think about as the EU General Product Safety Regulation (GPSR) comes into force in December 2024?
Read moreEmpowering consumers through the EU’s Green Transition Directive
What are the enhanced consumers rights arising from the EU’s Directive on Empowering Consumers for the Green Transition (the Empowering Consumers Directive)?
Read moreProduct Security and Telecommunications Infrastructure Regulations: a new security regime for smart devices
What does the new cyber security regime mean for “smart” devices in the UK?
Read moreThe EU’s Product Liability Directive expands to cover digital technology
What changes to civil product liability have been implemented by the European Commission for defective digital products and software?
Read moreThe Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers Act becomes law
What changes will the new Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers Act bring to the consumer protection and competition regulation landscape?
Read moreThe EU's Green Claims Directive
The EU's proposed Green Claims Directive (GCD) sets out expansive new rules for companies making green claims in the EU.
Read moreConsumer friendly compliance – guidance for retailers and consumer brands on the DMCC Bill
Following receipt of some 372 responses to the "Smarter Regulation: Improving consumer price transparency and product information for consumers" Consultation, the government has published its response in which it proposes significant amends to the Price Marking Order alongside new additions to the DMCC Bill.
Read moreHigher stakes cybercrime – prepare now
Cybercrime continues to increase and shows no signs of stopping.
Read moreFood and beverage 2050: The transition to net zero
Following publication in October 2023 of its final Disclosure Framework for private sector entities to transition to a net zero economy, the TPT published draft Food & Beverage Sector Guidance in November 2023.
Read moreVirtual advertising: a glimpse into the future
Virtual advertising and experiences are transforming the way real world property can be used by turning it into a canvas for digital content.
Read moreThe rise of recommerce
Recommerce (which includes reselling, renting, refilling, repairing or reusing goods) is already an extremely valuable business model, estimated by Barclays to be worth almost £7bn in the UK alone and expected by Visa to increase to £82bn by 2030. This growth – particularly in respect of resale – is widely regarded as being driven by Gen Z consumers, over two thirds of whom now prefer to buy second-hand over new goods, in part, due to sustainability concerns.
Read moreOnline Fraud Charter agreed by largest tech companies
What are the obligations for tech companies that have signed up to the UK’s Online Fraud Charter (the Charter)?
Read moreThe DMCC Bill: New laws set to ban fake reviews and drip pricing from online shopping
What new laws is the UK Government planning to introduce to tackle fake reviews and unfair fees when it comes to online shopping?
Read moreCollective actions under consumer law: proposed amendments to the Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers Bill
Are class actions under consumer protection law likely following the UK’s new DMCC Bill, and if so, what will the impact on businesses be?
Read moreGreen claims: key takeaways from the CMA's first investigation
After much anticipation, the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) has finally published the results of its investigation into green claims made by ASOS, Boohoo and George at Asda. All three retailers have signed undertakings committing to change the way they promote their green credentials and to set up robust internal processes to ensure future green claims are not misleading.
Read moreWhat if the CEO asks me about… the options available for a company facing financial difficulties?
The latest government insolvency statistics highlight that the downturn in the UK economy is still taking a significant toll and the number of UK corporate insolvencies in February 2024 remains high (and 17% higher compared to February 2023).
Read moreProgress on sustainability in fashion: the move to circularity
According to the WRAP report, it is estimated that the fashion and textiles sector accounts for up to 8% of global greenhouse gas emissions and uses 93 billion cubic meters of water each year.
Read morePlatforms with Irish HQs win EU case to follow Irish law
Do platforms have additional regulatory obligations in EU states, even if they don’t have a registered office there?
Read moreOfcom issues draft guidance and launches consultation on the Online Safety Act 2023
What can platforms expect from Ofcom, as it steps into its new role regulating compliance with the Online Safety Act 2023 (the Act)?
Read moreEuropean consumer group files greenwashing complaint over water bottle recyclability
Will a consumer group complaint about recyclability and the use of green imagery on water bottle packaging be successful in proving a breach of EU regulations against greenwashing? And what will this mean for wider industry using recyclable or recycled packaging?
Read moreLast chance saloon: EU consumers only have one opportunity to withdraw from auto-renewing subscription contracts
When do EU consumers have a right to withdraw from subscription contracts? And how will this differ to the UK’s approach under the new Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers Bill (DMCC)?
Read moreNew Development: European Parliament adopts draft report to address the addictiveness of digital platforms
Earlier this year, the European Parliament published a draft report (the Report) on the addictive design of online services and consumer protection.
Read moreWhat if the CEO asks me about… preparing for new sustainability reporting requirements?
There is an increasingly complex web of sustainability reporting requirements for companies across the world (either in force or in the pipeline). The ISSB standards seek to set a global baseline for sustainability reporting to ensure consistency and comparability of companies' disclosures. With UK implementation of the standards expected next year, retailers and consumer brands should take steps now to prepare. We outline the current plans for sustainability reporting under the ISSB standards in the UK and flag practical steps that businesses should take to prepare.
Read moreArresting times: Significant changes to UK corporate criminal liability and corporate transparency
The Economic Crime and Corporate Transparency Bill (the Bill) is set to overhaul the existing corporate criminal liability and corporate transparency regimes.
Read moreThe EU Digital Markets Act: a levelling of the playing field?
The Digital Markets Act (the DMA) forms part of the EU’s Digital Services Act package, placing new obligations on “gatekeeper” platforms who offer core platform services to business and end-users established or located in the EU, irrespective of the gatekeepers’ place of establishment, residence, or any national laws applicable to their service.
Read moreDrip pricing, fake reviews and other digital dark arts
The Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers Bill (the Bill) is currently at Report Stage in its journey through Parliament. When it comes into force, we will see a significant enhancement of the UK’s consumer protection regime – with a particular focus on maximising transparency to consumers, to help them find better deals and avoid being ripped off.
Read more"Recommended for you" - Data risks in AI-powered customer solutions
Retailers and consumer brands are increasingly using AI online and in stores. Examples of how the technology could be leveraged include generative AI like ChatGPT, the automation of supply chains or the detection of fraud. Data regulators in the UK and EU are starting to catch up to the use of these technologies and making their positions known.
Read moreUK Government u-turns on phasing out “CE” product safety marking
What product safety marks can be used on products in the UK?
Read moreThe Retained EU Law (Revocation and Reform) Act 2023 – a happy new year?
How will the Retained EU Law (Revocation and Reform) Act 2023 (the Act) impact UK businesses?
Read moreGovernment consults on improving price transparency and product information for consumers
What does the UK Government’s consultation on Improving Price Transparency and Product Information for Consumers (the Consultation) signal about online choice architecture, and what businesses should be doing now to avoid the risk of fines next year?
Read moreEuropean Parliament publishes draft report on the addictive design of online services
How is the European Parliament looking to combat the exploitation of psychological vulnerabilities through the addictive design of online services?
Read moreNavigating social washing risk – a roadmap
Retailers and consumer brands are increasingly aware of the significant risks associated with “greenwashing”. Those wanting to play in the green space must be able to back up their eco-friendly claims or face the wrath of regulators and consumers. But how many have got to grips with the equivalent business risks of being accused of “social washing”? I suspect significantly fewer. Social washing is the practice of trading off perceived or advertised social credentials which are not reflected in the way the business operates. It’s about putting a black square or #BLM on your social media whilst having no people of colour in any leadership roles. It’s about selling rainbow flag adorned Pride merchandise but letting your trans employees be bullied. Like greenwashing, social washing is about profiting from what you say or project, without backing it up with what you do when no one is watching (or buying). Businesses fail to appreciate this disconnect at their peril, as illustrated beautifully by the Gender Pay Gap bot, set up with this simple mission: “If you tweet about #IWD2023 [International Women’s Day 2023], I’ll retweet your gender pay gap”. In other words, if you tell me yours, I’ll show you yours and you won’t like it.
Read moreTimely reminder of risks in cloud contracts
Over the last decade, cloud solutions have become popular tools to facilitate the digital transformation of businesses, and the retail sector is no exception in its uptake of cloud services.
Read moreWhat 7 challenges can retailers expect in 2024?
RPC's Retail Compass explores what lies ahead for the retail and consumer sector
Read moreIs TikTok the key to the bricks-and-mortar retail revival?
Against the backdrop of sustainably-minded shoppers and cost-conscious consumerism, one of the key focuses for the retail sector in 2023 was (and still remains) the 'revival' of the UK high street.
Read moreWhat is driving the fashion retail insolvencies spike?
What is driving the fashion retail insolvencies spike?
Read moreTHE RISE OF THE DE-INFLUENCER: What does this mean for brands?
Over the past decade, advertisers have increasingly capitalised on the 'influence' of influencers to help shape and create consumer demand for their products and services. In turn, influencers are able to monetise their social media content and connections with brands, creating a symbiotic relationship between the two.
Read moreLifting the Lid on Retail Diversity and Inclusion: Tackling the Challenges
On 4 July 2023, RPC partnered with the British Retail Consortium (BRC) to host the conference 'Lifting the Lid on Retail Diversity and Inclusion: Tackling the Challenges'.
Read moreEuropean Commission proposes new rules on repairing defective goods
How will the EU’s proposed withdrawal button impact businesses?
Read more2023 Gambling Act White Paper: The new age of gambling regulation
How will the EU’s proposed withdrawal button impact businesses?
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