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The Role of AI in Disputes

Published on 03 Jun 2024. By Daniel Hemming, Partner and Olivia Dhein, Knowledge Lawyer and Ricky Cella, Senior Associate

While lawyers have had various forms of AI available to them for years, it is generative AI and the development of large language models (LLMs) which is likely to represent a fundamental shift for dispute resolution. This technology now offers language capabilities that have never been seen before, and is likely to transform the way lawyers conduct proceedings.

Banking and Financial Markets Litigation Update - Summer 2024

Published on 29 Jul 2024. By Jonathan Cary, Partner and Jessica Davies, Associate and Olivia Dhein, Knowledge Lawyer and Jake Hardy, Partner and Simon Hart, Partner, Head of Banking & Financial Markets Disputes and Charlotte Henschen (née Ducker), Partner and Tom Hibbert, Partner, Global Head of Commercial Disputes and Tim Potts, Senior Associate and Chris Ross, Partner and Emily Saffer, Associate and Christopher Wheatley , Senior Associate and Alan Williams, Partner

This update is brought to you by RPC’s top tier banking and financial markets disputes practice in London, with specialists in all areas of financial markets litigation (and arbitration) and a wealth of expertise including frequent involvement in the most complex, high-value, and high-profile disputes in the sphere. Here, we take a look at some of the most important judgments in recent months.

Crypto damages quantification: valuation at the date of breach or date of judgment?

Published on 10 Jul 2024. By Dan Wyatt, Partner and Christopher Whitehouse, Senior Associate

In Southgate v. Graham [2024] EWHC 1692 (Ch), the High Court addressed an appeal from the County Court concerning inter alia the appropriate date for assessing damages in a cryptocurrency loan dispute. Initially, the County Court determined that the damages should be based on the cryptocurrency's fiat value at the breach date. Due to the volatility of the cryptocurrency, this decision would have resulted in significantly lower fiat damages award than if the valuation were based on a later date. The High Court allowed the valuation date part of the appeal, directing a further hearing to establish the appropriate date.

Summary judgment against persons unknown – a tale of two crypto judgments

Published on 09 May 2024. By Dan Wyatt, Partner and Christopher Whitehouse, Senior Associate

Two recent crypto judgements in the High Court, Mooij v Persons Unknown (February 2024) and Boonyaem v Persons Unknown (December 2023) reached different conclusions regarding whether a summary judgment could be granted against unidentified (and unidentifiable) fraudsters, with Mooji deciding 'yes' and Boonyaem deciding 'no'.

Supreme Court confirms no knowing receipt claim where equitable interest is destroyed: Byers v Saudi National Bank

Published on 17 Apr 2024. By Jake Hardy, Partner and Ana Margetts, Associate

In Byers v Saudi National Bank, the Supreme Court affirmed the findings of the lower courts by holding that a claim for knowing receipt cannot be made if a claimant’s equitable interest in the property in question has been extinguished by the time of the defendant’s knowing receipt of the property.

Merchants Beat Venice: Court of Appeal finds that local authority of Venice did have capacity to enter into Interest Rate Swaps

Published on 19 Mar 2024. By Simon Hart, Partner, Head of Banking & Financial Markets Disputes

In a significant judgment in Banca Intesa Sanpaolo and Dexia Credit Local SA v Comune di Venezia [2023] EWCA Civ 1482, the Court of Appeal overturned the findings of the High Court

Binance successfully challenges interim proprietary injunction over deposited cryptoassets

Published on 24 May 2023. By Dan Wyatt, Partner and Christopher Whitehouse, Senior Associate

In Piroozzadeh v Persons Unknown and Others [2023] EWHC 1024 (Ch), the cryptocurrency exchange Binance successfully applied to discharge an interim proprietary injunction obtained by a claimant whose misappropriated cryptoassets had been deposited at the exchange. This is the first recorded case of an exchange successfully having discharged such an injunction.

High Court favours English jurisdiction in bribery claim brought by Kuwaiti pension fund

Published on 28 Feb 2023.

The High Court recently rejected an application, brought by two defendants to an alleged bribery claim advanced by a Kuwaiti pension fund, that the claim should be heard before the Swiss courts, holding that England was the proper jurisdiction both in order to avoid the risk of fragmentation of proceedings, and in view of the close connection of the claim to England.

Considering bringing an RFI application? Is it strictly necessary?

Published on 31 Jan 2023.

Andrew Ayres KC and Andrew Dinsmore (Twenty Essex), instructed by Parham Kouchikali and Suzie Kurdi of this firm, successfully resisted a Request for Further Information (RFI) in the High Court.

Court of Appeal rejects timing and informed consent defences in bond bribery case

Published on 30 Jan 2023.

In a recent decision, the Court of Appeal decided in Trafalgar Multi Asset Trading Company Limited (in liquidation) v James David Hadley and others that pleaded defences to a bribery claim were so fanciful as to entitle the claimant to summary judgment.

High Court rejects Group Litigation Order in FSMA litigation as it would not further the Overriding Objective

Published on 30 Jan 2023. By Charlotte Henschen (née Ducker), Partner and Alastair Hall, Senior Associate

In a recent decision in Edward Moon & Ors v Link Fund Solutions, Mr Justice Trower dismissed an application by two groups of claimants, declining to make the Group Litigation Order (GLO) sought.

No loss? No Quincecare claim … the Supreme Court judgment in Stanford International Bank v HSBC

Published on 12 Jan 2023. By Jonathan Cary, Partner and Olivia Dhein, Knowledge Lawyer

The Supreme Court has handed down its judgment in Stanford International Bank Ltd v HSBC Bank plc, deciding that there was no pecuniary loss suffered by the Claimant and therefore no basis for a Quincecare claim.

No need for perfection: ISDA Master Agreement default notice still valid where some errors made

Published on 10 Jan 2023. By Daniel Hemming, Partner and Olivia Dhein, Knowledge Lawyer

The High Court has decided that a default notice under an ISDA Master Agreement is still valid even if it does not contain wholly accurate statements of the amount of the payment not made, the confirmation of the trade, or the currency of the payment.

Banking and financial litigation markets update - Summer 2022

Published on 25 Jul 2022. By Jonathan Cary, Partner and Jessica Davies, Associate and Olivia Dhein, Knowledge Lawyer and Jake Hardy, Partner and Simon Hart, Partner, Head of Banking & Financial Markets Disputes and Charlotte Henschen (née Ducker), Partner and Tom Hibbert, Partner, Global Head of Commercial Disputes and Tim Potts, Senior Associate and Chris Ross, Partner and Emily Saffer, Associate and Christopher Wheatley , Senior Associate and Alan Williams, Partner

In this overview we look at some of the most important judgments in recent months in the area of banking and financial markets litigation.

The High Court continues interim anti-harassment injunction

Published on 24 Jul 2024. By Alex Vakil, Partner

At a return date hearing on 12 July 2024, Aidan Eardley KC (sitting as a Deputy High Court Judge) continued until trial or further order an anti-harassment injunction granted to prevent the Defendant from, amongst other things, approaching or contacting the Claimant.

The Supreme Court clarifies the law on the recovery of damages for non-pecuniary damage arising out of a maliciously false statement

Published on 18 Jul 2024. By Alex Vakil, Partner

The Claimant was an employee of the second defendant, LCA, a recruitment agency owned and operated by the first defendant. After leaving LCA, the Claimant was employed by another recruitment agency and began targeting LCA's clients. LCA's owner told two third parties, one of whom was the Claimant’s new line manager and the other a client of LCA, that by doing this the Claimant was in breach of her contract of employment with LCA. In fact, there was no term of that contract (as the owner of LCA knew) which prohibited the claimant from soliciting business from LCA’s clients.

The Model Anti-SLAPP Law: an overview

Published on 25 Nov 2022. By Mafruhdha Miah, Senior Associate

Following the Government's response to the SLAPP consultation in the summer, the UK Anti-SLAPP coalition (a working group that includes English PEN, the Foreign Policy Centre and Index on Censorship, "the Coalition") has this week published a model Anti-SLAPP law, which has been endorsed by a collection of free speech and anti-corruption organisations, journalists, editors and lawyers.

AI in auditing: Embracing a new age for the profession

Published on 08 Jul 2024. By Ash Daniells, Senior Associate

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a rather new concept for many (ignoring those versed in 80’s Sci-Fi movies); it’s something many don’t know much about and certainly don’t use in our day-to-day lives (or at least appreciate we are using). However, that’s not the case for everyone. Auditors have long been reaping the benefits of AI, but are auditors just scratching the surface of what AI can offer and what impact will an increased use have on their insurance requirements and claims they face?

EU AI ACT-ion stations

Published on 29 Sep 2023. By Helen Armstrong, Partner and Charles Buckworth, Partner

The EU is forging ahead with its vision for AI. With wrapping up talks on the EU AI Act between the EU governments, the Commission and the parliamentary negotiators imminent, we bring you up to date on the EU's risk based approach, the scope of the Act, a timeline, key points that will form the basis of the discussions and next steps.

What To Know About AI Fraudsters Before Facing Disputes

Published on 29 Aug 2023. By Dan Wyatt, Partner and Christopher Whitehouse, Senior Associate

Fraudsters are quick to weaponise new technological developments and artificial intelligence is proving no exception, with AI-assisted scams increasingly being reported in the news, including most recently one using a likeness of a BBC broadcaster.

The November 2023 AI safety summit and the UK's direction of travel

Published on 29 Aug 2023. By Helen Armstrong, Partner and Charles Buckworth, Partner and Joshy Thomas, Knowledge Lawyer

The government has confirmed that the UK AI safety summit will be held at Bletchley Park on 1 and 2 November 2023.

New developments in AI may put law firms at greater risk of phishing fraud

Published on 28 Apr 2023. By Will Sefton, Partner and Head of Professional and Financial Risks and Tom Morris, Associate

As the computing power of Artificial Intelligence continues to grow exponentially, we consider how generative technology may expand the reach of traditional phishing frauds aimed at law firms.

Penalty saved by CAS with a little help from English Courts

Published on 06 Jun 2016. By Joshua Charalambous, Partner

Whistle-blowing on illegal cartels drops 70% in 5 years

Published on 18 Sep 2023. By Chris Ross, Partner and Arash Rajai, Partner

Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) recently increased award to £250,000 Calls to the CMA hotline have plummeted from 1,442 in 2017 to 427 in 2022

DORA Watch – June and July 2024

Published on 22 Jul 2024. By Jon Bartley, Partner and Laura Thackeray, Senior Associate

As financial entities and ICT service providers undergo the final stages of implementation of the Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA) requirements into their systems and processes, it is imperative to understand the legal developments and ongoing updates arising from EU Member States as they go through their respective transposition and alignment processes. Through TerraLex - our global legal network, which provides us with access to 22,000 lawyers from highly regarded and carefully vetted law firms stretching more than 120 countries – we have collated legal updates focusing on DORA and its implications in EU jurisdictions.

Ransoms and Sanctions and Fines (oh my!)

Published on 04 Sep 2023. By Richard Breavington, Partner and Helen Monachan, Associate

Ransomware attacks are happening all the time. Just the other month, the Cl0p ransomware gang claimed responsibility for the exploitation of a zero-day vulnerability in the MOVEit Transfer tool.

Ransoms and Sanctions and Fines (oh my!)

Published on 04 Sep 2023. By Richard Breavington, Partner and Helen Monachan, Associate

Ransomware attacks are happening all the time. Just the other month, the Cl0p ransomware gang claimed responsibility for the exploitation of a zero-day vulnerability in the MOVEit Transfer tool.

Judicial developments in recent treaty cases

Published on 06 Sep 2023.

A spate of recent cases concerning the application of double tax treaties has seen the courts and tribunals striving for common¬sense, policy-driven outcomes.

Judicial review: does the Court of Appeal’s decision in Murphy offer taxpayers a glimmer of hope?

Published on 28 Jun 2023. By Adam Craggs, Partner and Liam McKay, Senior Associate

Judicial review provides a constitutionally important judicial check on the exercise of statutory powers by public bodies such as HMRC. However, the wide margin of appreciation afforded to public bodies by the courts, coupled with recent reforms to the judicial review process, make it a remedy of last resort that can be difficult for taxpayers to pursue successfully. In overturning the High Court’s refusal of the taxpayers’ judicial review claim, the Court of Appeal in Murphy v HMRC confirmed that HMRC had breached their legitimate expectation as to the application of an extra-statutory concession. While Murphy is unlikely to be the harbinger of a wholesale rebalancing of the judicial review scales in the taxpayer’s favour, it is a welcome step in the right direction.

Closure notices and the appeals process

Published on 01 Aug 2024. By Adam Craggs, Partner and Liam McKay, Senior Associate

In this article we consider the process by which a taxpayer can bring a protracted HMRC enquiry to and end and appeal against a closure notice issued by HMRC.

HNWs: Understanding HMRC's Offshore Information Gathering Capabilities

Published on 24 Jul 2024. By Michelle Sloane, Partner and Liam McKay, Senior Associate

Wealthy individuals have long been the focus of a substantial part of HMRC’s compliance activities, but a difficult economic climate together with a looming general election and possible change of government is likely to lead to even greater scrutiny of HNWs by HMRC in the short term.

V@ update – July 2024

Published on 23 Jul 2024. By Adam Craggs, Partner

Welcome to the July 2024 edition of RPC's V@, a monthly update which provides insightful analysis and news from the VAT world.

Tribunal confirms no tax due on disposal of property held on trust for taxpayer's brother

Published on 18 Jul 2024. By Keziah Mastin, Associate

In Raveendran v HMRC [2024] UKFTT 273 (TC), the First-tier Tribunal allowed the taxpayer's appeal against HMRC's discovery assessment in relation to the disposal of a property because it was held on trust for his brother.

Taxing Matters: Spotlight 63: HMRC shines a light on property business arrangements involving hybrid partnerships

Published on 16 Jul 2024.

In this episode, Alexis Armitage, RPC's Taxing Matters host and Senior Associate in our Tax Disputes team, is joined by Simon Howley and Amanda Perrotton from Bell Howley Perrotton LLP. They discuss HMRC's Spotlight 63, which focuses on property business arrangements involving hybrid partnerships, which have recently come to the attention of HMRC.

Tribunal confirms loans from remuneration trust were disguised remuneration

Published on 11 Jul 2024. By Liam McKay, Senior Associate

In allowing HMRC's appeal in part, the Upper Tribunal determined that payments received under a remuneration trust scheme were caught by the anti-avoidance provisions in Part 7A of the Income Tax (Earnings and Pensions) Act 2003.

Dealing with HMRC information notices

Published on 04 Jul 2024. By Adam Craggs, Partner and Daniel Williams, Associate

Considering three common types of HMRC information notices and the extent to which they can be challenged.

Tax Bites – July 2024

Published on 02 Jul 2024. By Adam Craggs, Partner

Welcome to the latest edition of RPC's Tax Bites – providing monthly bite-sized updates from the tax world.

V@ update – June 2024

Published on 26 Jun 2024. By Adam Craggs, Partner

Welcome to the June 2024 edition of RPC's V@, a monthly update which provides insightful analysis and news from the VAT world.

Tribunal awards taxpayer his costs due to HMRC's unreasonable conduct

Published on 20 Jun 2024. By Jasprit Singh, Senior Associate

In Aftab Ahmed v HMRC [2024] UKFTT 00236 (TC), the First-tier Tribunal granted the taxpayer's application for costs as HMRC had acted unreasonably in defending the appeal.

Tribunal allows entrepreneurs' relief appeal

Published on 13 Jun 2024. By Keziah Mastin, Associate

In Cooke v HMRC [2024] UKFTT 272 (TC), the FTT allowed the taxpayer's appeal against HMRC's refusal of entrepreneurs' relief

Exploring tax from an ESG perspective

Published on 07 Jun 2024.

In this month's episode, Alexis Armitage, RPC's Taxing Matters host and Senior Associate in our Tax Disputes team, is joined by Paul Monaghan, Chief Executive and co-founder of the Fair Tax Foundation to discuss the growing interest in tax from an ESG perspective, and the work of the Fair Tax Foundation.

A tax on conscience? A moral dilemma for non-residents

Published on 19 Sep 2023. By Liam McKay, Senior Associate

In HMRC v A Taxpayer, the Upper Tribunal (UT) considered the meaning of ‘exceptional circumstances’ for the purposes of the statutory residency test (SRT) in FA 2013. In overturning the decision of the First-tier Tribunal, the UT held that moral obligations, specifically the need to care for close relatives, were not exceptional circumstances, creating a potential dilemma for individuals when it comes to managing their tax residency status and their family life.

All is not (necessarily) lost: Crypto crime recovery

Published on 30 Jun 2022. By Adam Craggs, Partner

With over 2 million people in the UK now holding and using cryptocurrency, and the Chancellor announcing that a government backed non-fungible token ("NFT") is to be issued by the Royal Mint this summer, the market for crypto-assets is expected to continue to grow in the coming months and years; so much so that legislation is planned to implement a new regulatory regime for the crypto market.